Perekonomian Islam Pada Masa Kesultanan Palembang

Abstract

The Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam, which was established from 1659 to 1823, is one of the most important Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago that implements an economic system based on Islamic sharia principles. As a strategic trading center in the Strait of Malacca, the sultanate developed an economic system that integrated Islamic values with international trade practices. This study examines how the implementation of the Islamic economic system during the Palembang Sultanate, including the mechanism of zakat, waqf, and halal trade system. The research uses a historical method with a qualitative-descriptive-analytical approach. The data collection technique is carried out through library research. The Sultanate of Palembang implements a comprehensive Islamic economic system with the following characteristics: (1) An organized zakat system through the baitul mal institution as an instrument of wealth redistribution and a source of state revenue; (2) Productive waqf management for the development of religious infrastructure, education, and public facilities; (3) The implementation of the principle of muamalah in trading activities by avoiding usury, gharar, and maysir. The Islamic economy during the Palembang Sultanate showed the success of the implementation of the sharia economic system on a royal scale that was able to integrate spiritual and material aspects. This economic model makes a significant contribution to the sultanate's prosperity and social stability, as well as being an important historical reference for the development of the modern Islamic economy in Indonesia.